PROJECT RISK MANAGEMENT
In Uncertainty Management, some terms take on a specific meaning, particularly in the context of infrastructure rather than finance.
For our purposes a project is:
- unique – a one-of-a-kind endeavour
- temporary – planned to cease to exist after a certain point in time
- focused on delivering a well-defined outcome
Project Risk Management is:
- the process or processes by which projects formally manage their uncertainty, this is now considered a core part of the overall management of projects.
A typical process is iterative and has several different stages as for example demonstrated in this figure:
STAGES OF PROJECT RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESSES
In addition to individual project risk management, there are often also more complex situations involving a programme or a portfolio of projects.
In the context of Uncertainty and infrastructure projects,
a programme is:
- a group of projects with a related set of objectives
- normally only successful if each of the individual projects is successful, although if it fails, it doesn’t necessarily mean all the constituent projects have failed
A portfolio is:
- a group of projects whose objectives are not closely related, but which have some other inter-relationship, such as being delivered by the same organisation, or the projects take place in the same geographical area
Programme and Portfolio Risk Management have to operate in a number of different contexts from Project Risk Management:
- Within the programme, the constituent projects will normally be at different stages of development at any given point in time
- The size and complexity of the projects may not be directly related to their importance to the programme or portfolio, and this importance may not be recognised in advance
- Each project will make assumptions about the adjacent / interacting projects – which may or may not be in alignment, and may or may not turn out to be true
In this situation, we might employ systems mapping – identifying the touch points between projects and the potential consequences.
WAYS OF IMPLEMENTING PRM
PRM is often implemented using a combination of:
- project teams doing it themselves
- creating an in-house risk team
- using external experts for guidance
- outsourcing
I have spent many hours facilitating workshops for in-house teams.
A key part of my role is often to increase awareness of implicit assumptions and their possible implications. I sometimes feel like the little boy shouting that the emperor is wearing no clothes.